سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — الإشارة والمرجعية (تدريب 4432)

(1) There are few ships as beautiful and graceful as an Arab dhow under full sail. They are sleek, fast, and easy to control with these vessels, Arab sailors maintained extensive trade links in dangerous seas all the way from Africa to China. The great contribution they made to Europe's development was simple-their triangular "lateen" sail. (2) In the 15th century, most European ships used only square sails. Because of this they were only able to sail1 effectively when the wind was almost directly behind them. Prince Henry of Portugal borrowed ideas from the Arab dhow and designed ships that used Arab lateen sails on European hulls. With this improvement, European explorers could go farther faster and sail into the wind. Consequently, they became much more effective. Columbus's three ships all used this borrowed technology on their first voyage to America.