سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — فهم التفاصيل (تدريب 6096)

(1) From the 8th century, the medieval Islamic world underwent a transformation in agricultural practice, described by the historian Andrew Watson as the Arab agricultural revolution. This transformation was driven by a number of factors including the diffusion of many crops and plants along Muslim trade routes, the spread of more advanced farming techniques, and an agricultural-economic system which promoted increased yields and efficiency. The shift in agricultural practice changed the economy, population distribution, vegetation cover, agricultural production, population levels, urban growth, the distribution of the labor force, cooking, diet, and clothing across the Islamic world. (2) Muslim traders covered much of the Old World, and trade enabled the diffusion of many crops, plants and farming techniques across the region, as well as the adaptation of crops, plants and techniques from beyond the Islamic world. This diffusion introduced major crops to Europe by way of Al-Andalus, along with the techniques for their cultivation and cuisine. Sugar cane, rice, and cotton were among the major crops transferred, along with citrus and other fruit trees, nut trees, vegetables such as eggplant, and spinach and the use of spices such as cumin, coriander and cinnamon, Intensive irrigation crop rotation and agricultural manuals were widely adopted. Irrigation, partly based on Roman technology, made use of water wheels, water mills, dams and reservoirs. What is one important idea in the passage?