سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — فهم التفاصيل (تدريب 6678)

(1) Food and farming is one of the biggest economic sectors in the world. We are no longer in the 14th century, when as much as 76% of the population worked in agriculture but farming still employs more than 26% of all workers globally. And that does not include the people who work along the meat supply chain: the slaughterers, packagers, retailers and chefs. (2) Recently, the world’s meat production was estimated at 317 metric tons, and that is expected to continue to grow. Figures for the value of the global meat industry vary wildly from $90bn to as much as $741bn, but it is in fact, closer to the upper end. (3) Although the number of people directly employed by farming is currently less than 2% in the UK, the food chain now includes the agribusiness companies, the retailers, and the entertainment sector. According to the UK Department for Environment, in 2014 the food and drink manufacturing sector contributed £27bn to the economy, and employed 3.8 million people. What about its cultural and social importance? What about its cultural and social importance? (4) Is meat still crucial to human life? Some nutritionists argue that, just because we’ve always eaten meat, that doesn’t mean we always have to. If we can get all the dietary nutrients and protein that we need elsewhere, should we? (5) Well, cooked meat may have been partially responsible for the large brains that characterize humans and put us where we are now. Cooking made calories from meat (and from vegetables) easier to consume and absorb than in a raw form. How has meat production changed? How has meat production changed? (6) The old-fashioned vision of a mixed farm with wheat and chickens and cattle still exists. More than half of the farms in the US, for example, were small enough in 2012 to have sales of less than $10,000 dollars. But the 20th century saw the application of the principles of the industrial revolution to agriculture - how could inputs be minimized and profits be maximized? (7) The result was the factory farm, first for chickens, and more recently cattle. Producers discovered that animals could be kept inside, and fed grain, and could be bred to grow more quickly and get fatter in the right places. What two words does the writer use to talk about 14thcentury industry?