سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — الإشارة والمرجعية (تدريب 6965)

(1) Medical research involving animals has improved the health of the human race. Without animal testing a cure for polio would not exist and diabetics would die from the disease. Despite these benefits, many people disagree with the use of animals for testing new drugs. However, it is my view that animal testing is necessary. (2) Animal testing is a cheap and effective way to help scientists create new drugs for humans. It is known that animals such as monkeys or rabbits have similar physical processes to humans. This allows researchers to test how safe and how effective a drug is before using it with people. If a drug produces a negative effect in the animals, it is probably unfit for human use. Using animals for testing drugs is also cheap. There is a large supply of animals and they can be safely looked after. It would be much more expensive to test on humans. (3) Animal rights campaigners argue that animal testing is cruel. In some cases this is true, but it would be even more cruel to allow people and children to die or become sick because there was no enough information about a certain drug or treatment. What’s more, rules in most countries set light standers for the treatment of animals. There are laws that researchers must follow to prevent them from being cruel to animals. (4) opponents of animal research also say that we do not need to do these unnecessary cruel animal tests because scientists already have all the information we need about treatments for disease. This is simply not true. Many serious and deadly new viruses and infections appear every year and new treatment and drugs are always needed. (5) In summary, animal testing in needed in our world. It is a cheap and effective way to find new and better treatments for human illnesses. Although it is impossible to keep all animals from harm, it is the responsibility of scientists to make sure that they get the best possible care when they are being used in experiments. What idea do the words “oppononets of animal research” in Paragraph (4) repeat?