سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — نبرة الكاتب (تدريب 7027)

(1)Computer ethics is a set of principles set out to regulate the use of computers. Three factors are considered: • Intellectual Property Rights - this covers, for example, copying of software without the permission of the owner. • Privacy Issues - this covers, for example, hacking or any illegal access to another person’s personal data. • Effect of computers on society - this covers factors such as job losses, social impacts and so on. (2)Use of the internet has led to an increase in plagiarism - this is when a person takes another person’s idea/work and claims it as their own. While it is perfectly fine to quote another person’s idea, it is essential that some acknowledgement is made so that the originator of the idea is known to others. This can be done by a series of references at the end of a document or footnotes on each page where a reference needs to be made. Software exists that can scan text and then look for examples of plagiarism by searching web pages on the internet. (3)The ACM (Association for Computer Machinery) and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) have published the following code of ethics: 1. to accept responsibility in making decisions consistent with the safety, health and welfare of the public, and to disclose promptly the factors that might endanger the public or the environment; 2. to be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates based on available data; 3. to maintain and improve our technical ability and to undertake technological tasks for others only if qualified by training or experience; 4. to assist colleagues and co-workers in their professional development and to support them in following this code of ethics. What does Paragraph (1) say about computer ethics?