سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — الفكرة الرئيسية (تدريب 8145)

1. Hot deserts are found near the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The largest hot desert is the Sahara in Africa which covers the whole northern part of the continent. 2. Hot deserts have an extreme climate and challenging environment. There is very little plant or animal life because of the difficult climate. Few plant and animal species are specialized enough to survive there. Plants and animals which do survive have adapted to difficult conditions. The biotic (living) parts of the hot desert and the abiotic (non-living) parts of the hot desert rely on one another - a change in one will result in a change in the other. 3. The climate is very hot. Summer day-time temperatures can be more than 40°C. However, at night the temperature can drop below 0°C. The climate is also very dry with less than 250mm of rain a year. Hot deserts have two seasons: summer, when the daytime temperature is between 35 and 40°C, and winter, when the temperature is between 20 and 30°C. 4. Desert soils are thin with sand and rocks and are generally grey in color. They are very dry. When it does rain, they soak up the water very quickly. The surface of the soil may appear crusty. This is due to the lack of rain. In summer, it is so hot that the water is brought up to the surface of the soil by evaporation. As the water evaporates, salts are left behind on the surface.