سؤال قراءة ستيب محلول — فهم التفاصيل (تدريب 7445)

(1) What’s the difference between a medical student and a convict? The answer: A convict doesn’t pay $50,000 a year for the privilege of being fingerprinted and patted down. I am referring, of course, to the increasingly stringent security measures that have come to characterize modern educational testing. As student evaluation techniques have migrated from face-to-face assessment to computer-based exams administered in dedicated testing centers, evaluators have become less and less likely to know examinees, leading to heightened precautions around exam security. The need for stricter security measures has presented a serious challenge for testing administration bodies. Striking a balance between security practices that are too lax and measures that discourage and may even negatively impact the mood of test-takers is not an easy task. (2) I recently interviewed a group of fourth-year medical students who had just taken Step 2 of the United States Medical Licensing Clinical Knowledge Examination at test- administration centers. Each of the students had paid $560 for the privilege, and had devoted nine hours to the single-day exam, which consists of eight sections of 40 to 45 questions each. Over the day, they received a total break time of 45 minutes. Students must pass the exam to obtain a medical license, and scoring well is an important factor in gaining admission to competitive medical specialties. So, anxiety tends to run high. (3)This inevitable anxiety is compounded by Checkpoint Charlie-esque security measures. IDs are checked. Each student wears a unique number on his or her shoulder throughout the day. Students are fingerprinted each time they enter and exit the testing room (up to 16 times). They are patted down and asked to roll up their pants legs and pull their pockets inside-out. If they wear a jacket or sweater into the exam room, they cannot take it off. They are warned that they will be under constant camera surveillance. They are also warned that excessive movement and or gestures that might be interpreted by test monitors as communication with other students in the room must absolutely be avoided. (4) One of the students, a former U.S. marine, said he had found the entire atmosphere of the exam strangely familiar. He had served in Iraq, helping to preside over the return of inhabitants to Fallujah after the city’s recapture by U.S. forces. “It was weird,” he said. “They were using many of the exact same procedures and equipment we used in Fallujah. It took so long for them to verify identities that you almost didn’t dare leave the room, for fear you couldn’t get back in time. I finally had to show one of the examiners how to do it properly.” Of course, these techniques are not merely for medical students. Aspiring accountants and architects, students sitting for the GRE, and prospective employees of Silicon Valley companies are all subjected to these strict measures. While the intent behind these measures is to uphold the integrity of tests, such extreme measures may cause more harm to test-takers and the overall testing system than good. (5) Some might say that a high-security approach to testing students is not only necessary but a great practice overall. In the case of medical testing, the health of the nation is a vital resource, and we cannot afford to place it in the hands of physicians who might have succeeded through academic dishonesty. Who would want a loved one to be cared or by fa physician who had cheated on the medical-licensing exam? As public policy, some argue, we should demand the very highest security in all such testing. they hold that students must adjust to these necessary measures and practice patience and understanding. (6) But perhaps we have taken these security affairs too far. After all, the core of the patient- physician relationship is trust. The Hippocratic Oath, which has shaped the ethics of medicine for many centuries, enjoins the physician to respect patients’ privacy and dignity and to always put each patient’s interests first. We rely on our physicians for all sorts of matters we would not share with anyone else—private details of our health and personal relationships, access to intimate parts of our bodies, sometimes even our lives. We want to trust our physicians. No one is arguing that security is unnecessary, but perhaps we haven’t quite yet found the sweet spot. It is quite possible that there are still less strict security measures which can be as effective yet more tactful. What are two causes for anxiety in medical students?